Some progress has been made!!
After referring to a few different threads such as this one, I recognized the issue might lie between a disconnect of the services offered from within the container, and the host OS.
Since the host OS has an Avahi instance already running, cups should be able to provide the services and mark them as available by pushing them up to the host OS layer.
It seems like this is done via DBUS, so adding the required
export DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/host/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
command to my initial startup script enabled iOS devices to recognize cups printers that had been added.